The gate building erected in 1937 was the only entrance to / exit from the inmates' camp, and it served as the main watchtower as well: Its upper platform provided an overview of the entire camp.
The building's western wing contained detention cells and was referred to as the "Bunker (i);" in the opposite wing were the offices of the SS (i) man in charge of the inmates' camp.
 

The wrought-iron camp gate bears the inscription "Jedem das Seine," an abbreviated quotation of Suum cuique per me uti atque frui licet. (As far as I am concerned, every man should be permitted to use and enjoy what is his.)
Comment by Marcus Porcius Cato (234–149 B.C.) appearing as a Roman legal maxim in: Corpus Juris Civilis (code of civil law), Digestum I, 1: Art. 10.
In 1938, the inscription was set into the camp gate in such a way that it could be read from the muster ground.
 

In the detention cell building ("Bunker (i)"), the SS (i) jailors carried out torture and murder on behalf of the Political Department (Gestapo) and the camp commander. Before being killed in the crematorium, inmates spent the last hours of their lives in Cell 1.
Several of the cells have been furnished to serve as commemorative rooms in remembrance of inmates killed in the Bunker (i), e.g. the Protestant pastor Paul Schneider and the Austrian clergyman Otto Neururer.
 

An impenetrable security system consisting of a fence and watchtowers surrounded the inmates' camp. The system comprised a security strip with chevaux-de-frise and trip wires and an electric barbed-wire fence charged with 380 volts. Armed guards were stationed in the twenty-three watchtowers. A guard path ran along the outside of the fence around the entire camp grounds.
 

Every morning and evening the inmates were compelled to form up for a count on the muster ground, the camp's central open square. Depending on the tyranny of the SS (i), the procedure could last hours. Stone blocks bearing the barrack numbers were inserted in the ground to mark the areas where the inmates of the respective barracks were to stand. The camp brass band played as the work gangs marched in and out.
Punitive measures and executions were also carried out on the muster ground.
 

All of the camp barracks were torn down in the early 1950s. Their locations were marked by stones bearing the corresponding block numbers, their ground plans by copper slag. A former inmates' infirmary office barrack which was in use in a small town of Thuringia until 1993 was re-erected in Buchenwald in 1994.
 

Beginning in 1942, the SS (i) operated a sales establishment in the camp: the inmates' canteen. Inmates who were permitted to have their families send money to the camp administration for their use received camp currency to purchase goods which had been acquired cheaply or produced in the camp.
Today the rooms of the canteen are used for special exhibitions and events.
 

In 1940, Buchenwald Concentration Camp was furnished with its own crematorium. Before that, the corpses of those who had died in the camp were cremated in the municipal facility of Weimar. In the new facility, the work was carried out by concentration camp inmates whose living quarters were right in the building.
 

The SS (i) had the corpses of its victims plundered in the Pathology Department before cremation. Gold fillings were removed; skin, organs and skeletons served as medical specimens, trophies and raw materials for objects of everyday use.
 

The corpses were collected in the mortuary cellar and transported to the oven room by means of a lift. The crematory facilities were produced by the Topf & Söhne Company of Erfurt.
The SS (i) had some 1,100 men, women and adolescents – concentration camp inmates and Gestapo prisoners – hanged on hooks in the walls of the crematorium cellar.
A model in the crematorium annex demonstrates the function of the facility for execution by shooting in the neck originally located in a stable outside the camp.
 

Replicas: a cart of the kind used for the transport of stones from the quarry, and a hanging post. As a punitive measure, the inmate's hands were tied behind his back and he was then hung from the post by his wrists.
 

In 1942, when Buchenwald became a transhipment centre for labourers from all over Europe, the SS (i) had a disinfection station built. In this building, the arriving inmates had to turn in their civilian clothing and all of their possessions. Their heads were shaven; they were immersed in a disinfection bath and given numbers to replace their names. In the disinfection chambers their clothing was purified of vermin.
The rooms of the disinfection station have accommodated an art exhibition since 1990.
 

From 1939 on, the depot (i) was used to store inmates' clothing and personal effects as well as camp-owned clothing and utensils intended for distribution to inmates. It has served as a museum since 1985, being reopened in 1995 with the permanent exhibition on the history of Buchenwald Concentration Camp.
An old oak tree, designated Dicke Eiche (fat oak) on maps of the area, had been left standing by the SS (i) on the camp grounds. In commemoration of Goethe's frequent visits to the Ettersberg (i), the inmates called it the "Goethe Oak." Having been damaged by bombing in August 1944 it was felled; its stump can still be seen today.
 

Upon the initiative of the political inmates, an inmates' infirmary was set up in 1938. It consisted of six barracks whose arrangement is indicated by the remainders of their foundations.
 

The Epidemic Typhus Serum Institute of the Armed SS (i) was located in Block 50. The preparations were tested on inmates who had been infected with agents of the disease in Block 46, the epidemic typhus experimentation barrack.
 

In late 1942, a quarantine zone – the Little Camp (i) – was set up on the northern edge of the camp and separated from the main camp by barbed wire. Persons who had been deported from German-occupied countries in order to carry out forced labour in armament production stayed in the Little Camp (i) for several weeks before being sent on to sub-camps (i). The arrival of mass transports from the Auschwitz and Gross-Rosen camps in 1944/45 turned the Little Camp (i) into a place of dying and death. After 1945, the area of the Little Camp (i) was entirely neglected for many years. Archaeological work begun in 1991 has uncovered structural relics.